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Research Papers

# Multiscale Simulations for Impact Load–Induced Vibration: Assessing a Structure's Vulnerability

[+] Author and Article Information
Jeongwon Park

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Hanyang University,
17 Haengdang-dong,
Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea

Man Hoi Koo

Agency for Defense Development,
111 Sunam dong,
Yoseong, Daejeon 305-152, Korea

Junhong Park

e-mail: parkj@hanyang.ac.kr
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Hanyang University,
17 Haengdang-dong,
Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea

Contributed by the Materials Division of ASME for publication in the Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. Manuscript received June 1, 2012; final manuscript received January 4, 2013; published online March 25, 2013. Assoc. Editor: Xi Chen.

J. Eng. Mater. Technol 135(2), 021006 (Mar 25, 2013) (7 pages) Paper No: MATS-12-1120; doi: 10.1115/1.4023774 History: Received June 01, 2012; Revised January 04, 2013

## Abstract

Vibration resulting from high-velocity projectiles impacting a structure was simulated at multiple scales. Local impact simulations were performed to predict the material deformation and penetration phenomena at the location of impact. The resulting penetration behavior of a steel panel was analyzed for various projectile velocities, sizes, and panel thicknesses. Three-layer panels with Kevlar as the core material were simulated to understand the effects of structural layering on the reduction of the impact force. The forces acting on the panel in the longitudinal and transverse directions were calculated from the obtained stress distribution in the local deformation model. Using the estimated force input, transient longitudinal and flexural wave propagations were calculated to analyze the radiation of the impact energy along the structural span. Vulnerable positions with high possibilities of damage to crucial components due to impact loading were identified from the resulting vibration responses.

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## Figures

Fig. 1

A localized impact simulation model to predict material deformation and the resulting stress distribution at the impacted location in an infinitely long armored panel impacted by a high velocity projectile: (a) single and (b) three-layer panels

Fig. 2

Deformation shapes of the homogeneous steel panel impacted by projectiles and the consequent transient variation of the (a) normal and (b) shear stress (a = 37 mm, vi = 900 m/s, h = 50 mm)

Fig. 3

Impact forces variation acting on the steel panel for 0.35 milliseconds: (a) normal force and (b) shear force and its interpolation. Fast fluctuations were minimized during interpolation, since those components do not propagate due to resonance in the thickness direction.

Fig. 4

Vibration analysis on the beam-structure model subjected to impact forces in the longitudinal and transverse directions

Fig. 5

Effects of projectile velocity on the interpolated (a) normal and (b) shear forces acting on the homogeneous steel panel (a = 37 mm, b = 105 mm, and h = 50 mm)

Fig. 6

Effects of projectile velocity on (a) the maximum normal and shear forces and (b) their duration obtained from the results in Fig. 5

Fig. 7

Effects of panel thickness (h) on (a) normal and (b) shear forces acting on a steel panel and effects of projectile size (a × b) on (c) normal and (d) shear forces. The maximum normal and shear forces increased with increasing panel thickness. The duration of force generation and the total transmitted impact energy depended on panel thickness, projectile size, and occurrence of perforation.

Fig. 8

Comparison of interpolated (a) normal and (b) shear force variations for single (hc = 0 mm) and three-layered panels utilizing Kevlar as the core material

Fig. 9

(a) Transverse and (b) longitudinal displacement responses of a beam subjected to impact forces in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

Fig. 10

Maximum vibration amplitude on the component located at x = L/3 for a beam impacted by projectiles at different locations. The location that induces the maximum displacement, velocity, or acceleration responses corresponds to sections of beam with higher probability of damage when impacted.

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