The Circle of Willis is a ring-like structure of blood vessels found beneath the hypothalamus at the base of the brain. Its main function is to distribute oxygen-rich arterial blood to the cerebral mass. One-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the Circle of Willis have been created to provide a simulation tool which can potentially be used to identify at-risk cerebral arterial geometries and conditions and replicate clinical scenarios, such as occlusions in afferent arteries and absent circulus vessels. Both models capture cerebral haemodynamic autoregulation using a proportional–integral (PI) controller to modify efferent artery resistances to maintain optimal efferent flow rates for a given circle geometry and afferent blood pressure. The models can be used to identify at-risk cerebral arterial geometries and conditions prior to surgery or other clinical procedures. The 1D model is particularly relevant in this instance, with its fast solution time suitable for real-time clinical decisions. Results show the excellent correlation between models for the transient efferent flux profile. The assumption of strictly Poiseuille flow in the 1D model allows more flow through the geometrically extreme communicating arteries than the 3D model. This discrepancy was overcome by increasing the resistance to flow in the anterior communicating artery in the 1D model to better match the resistance seen in the 3D results.
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June 2005
Technical Papers
One-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Models of Cerebrovascular Flow
S. M. Moore,
S. M. Moore
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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K. T. Moorhead,
K. T. Moorhead
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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J. G. Chase,
J. G. Chase
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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T. David,
T. David
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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J. Fink
J. Fink
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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S. M. Moore
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
K. T. Moorhead
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
J. G. Chase
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
T. David
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
J. Fink
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Canterbury
, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New ZealandJ Biomech Eng. Jun 2005, 127(3): 440-449 (10 pages)
Published Online: September 18, 2004
Article history
Received:
March 18, 2004
Revised:
September 18, 2004
Citation
Moore, S. M., Moorhead, K. T., Chase, J. G., David, T., and Fink, J. (September 18, 2004). "One-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Models of Cerebrovascular Flow." ASME. J Biomech Eng. June 2005; 127(3): 440–449. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1894350
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