... linearly related to the rotation. This mismatch results in interference during the tightening process and additional torque required to overcome this interference gives rise to the enhanced anti-loosening property. In addition, the cubic curve is designed to ensure that the mismatch results in stresses...

..., are normally not straight lines. As a result, the tooth top geometry generally does not fit the mating member’s real root shape, providing an uneven tooth root-tip clearance; additionally, in some cases root-tip interference between the tooth tip and the root tooth surfaces of the mating gear members may...